Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of 168 and 123
The greatest common divisor (GCD) of 168 and 123 is 3.
What is the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD)?
The GCD of two integers is the largest positive integer that divides both numbers without leaving a remainder. It is useful in simplifying fractions, finding common factors, and in number theory.
How to Calculate the GCD of 168 and 123?
We use the Euclidean algorithm, which involves the following steps:
- Divide the larger number by the smaller number.
- Replace the larger number with the smaller number and the smaller number with the remainder from the division.
- Repeat this process until the remainder is zero.
- The non-zero remainder just before zero is the GCD.
Step-by-Step Euclidean Algorithm
| Step | Calculation |
|---|---|
| 1 | 168 ÷ 123 = 1 remainder 45 |
| 2 | 123 ÷ 45 = 2 remainder 33 |
| 3 | 45 ÷ 33 = 1 remainder 12 |
| 4 | 33 ÷ 12 = 2 remainder 9 |
| 5 | 12 ÷ 9 = 1 remainder 3 |
| 6 | 9 ÷ 3 = 3 remainder 0 |
Examples of GCD Calculations
| Numbers | GCD |
|---|---|
| 23 and 168 | 1 |
| 55 and 101 | 1 |
| 105 and 141 | 3 |
| 94 and 36 | 2 |
| 195 and 119 | 1 |